ĭespite the large bounty placed on him by the English crown, Glyndŵr was never betrayed or captured, and in Welsh culture he acquired a mythical status alongside the likes of Cadwaladr, Cynon ap Clydno and King Arthur as a folk hero awaiting the call to return and liberate his people – " Y Mab Darogan" ('The Foretold Son'). This continued until Owain disappeared in 1415, when one of his supporters, Adam of Usk, recorded that he died of natural causes. He retreated to the Welsh hills and mountains with his remaining forces, where he continued to resist English rule by utilising guerrilla tactics. Glyndŵr refused to surrender to the new king Henry V, ignoring two offers of a pardon from the monarch. It lasted for five years until February 1409, when English forces captured Owain's last remaining strongholds of Aberystwyth Castle and Harlech Castle, effectively ending his territorial rule in Wales. Under Owain Glyndŵr's leadership, an internationally recognised independent Welsh state was briefly established. Owain formed an alliance with King Charles VI of France in 1405 a French army landed in Wales to support the rebellion. He summoned a national parliament, where he announced plans to reintroduce the traditional Welsh laws of Hywel Dda, establish an independent Welsh church, and build two universities. In 1404, after a series of successful castle sieges and several battlefield victories against the English, Owain gained control of the country and was officially crowned Prince of Wales in the presence of French, Spanish, Scottish and Breton envoys. In response to the uprising, discriminatory penal laws were implemented against the Welsh people this deepened public unrest and significantly increased support for Glyndŵr across Wales. In 1400 Owain Glyndŵr, a descendant of several Welsh royal dynasties, had a dispute with a neighbouring English lord that resulted in Glyndŵr claiming his ancestral title of Prince of Wales, which instigated the revolt against English rule.
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